AUGUST 20, 1881

 

DOCTOR DETHLEFSEN,

                                           LEMVIG.

 

     ALLTHOUGH I AM VERY RELUCTANT TO USE MY WRITING BALL FOR LETTERS WITH REGARD TO THE NASTY ISSUE ABOUT THE LICE, I FIND MYSELF FORCED TO DO SO, AS EXPERIENCE SHOWS THAT I EXPOSE MYSELF OTHERWISE TO MISINTERPRETATIONS OF MY SCRAWL.

 

   LET ME GET TO THE POINT RIGHT AWAY. I HAVE BEEN CORRESPONDING ABOUT THE LICE ISSUE[1] WITH THE ACTING PRINCIPAL [2] AS WELL AS WITH THE CONCERNED TEACHER OF THE CHILD AND WITH THE PARENTS OF THE TWO CHILDREN SEATED IN CLASS NEXT TO LAURA BORG. THE RESULT OF THIS IS, UNFORTUNATELY, THAT I HAVE TO ADMIT THE LIKELYHOOD OF THE GIRL IN QUESTION HAVING POSSIBLY BEEN INFESTED WITH VERMIN WHEN SHE LEFT FROM HERE AT THE START OF THE SUMMER VACATION PERIOD. I HAVE RECEIVED A REPLY FROM THE FATHER OF ONE OF THE TWO GIRLS SITTING ADJACENT TO THE EFFECT THAT THE MOTHER OF THE CHILD DISCOVERED, EIGHT DAYS AFTER THE HOMECOMING, THAT THE CHILD HAD SOME LICE IN HER WOOLLEN VEST. ON THE OTHER HAND FROM THE FATHER OF THE OTHER CHILD WE RECEIVED A STATEMENT SAYING THAT HIS DAUGHTER WAS COMPLETELY FREE OF  VERMIN. THE ONLY THING I CAN PLEAD IN EXTENUATION IS THAT FOR SIX MONTHS, UNTIL MID JULY, I HAVEN’T BEEN ABLE TO FUNCTION AS PRINCIPAL, AND THAT DURING THE VERY SAME PERIOD  THE HEAD TEACHER WAS ILL AND HER POST, AS WELL AS THAT OF THE SECOND TEACHER IN CHARGE , WERE FILLED WITH INEXPERIENCED STAFF MEMBERS. I HAVE REQUESTED SMALLHOLDER BORG TO SEND ME A TRUTHFUL REPORT ABOUT THE LICE, WITHOUT OVERSTATING OR UNDERSTATING HIS CASE, SINCE THIS STORY IS BOUND TO HURT THE MASTER ON DUTY.

 

   AT THIS POINT I WOULD HAVE LIKED TO FINISH; HOWEVER, SINCE YOU SIR HAVE PUT FORWARD A NUMBER OF ODD ASSERTIONS IN YOUR LAST LETTER, OBLIGING ME TO SUBMIT A MODEST REJOINDER, PRAY PERMIT ME TO OFFER THE FOLLOWING:YOU ARE STATING IN WRITING THAT YOU CAN BY NO MEANS APPROVE  OF MY ALLEGED MISTAKES; BUT CURIOUSLY ENOUGH, THE MISTAKES SEEM TO BE YOURS; AT THE VERY MOST YOU MAY REPROACH ME FOR NOT HAVING BEEN SUFFICIENTLY CLEAR IN RESPECT OF ONE SINGLE ASPECT. I HAVE NEVER REQUESTED YOU TO SUBJECT BORG TO A POLICE ENQUIRY, NEITHER HAVE I REQUESTED YOU TO APPROACH THE POLICE IN MATTERS CONCERNING THE INSTITUTE, A FACT THAT I TRUST A RE-READING OF MY LETTERS WILL ADEQUATELY CONFIRM. NEITHER HAVE I REQUESTED YOU TO RUN TO BORG; BUT, AS I SAID, I MAY POSSIBLY HAVE EXPRESSED MYSELF INDISTINCTLY OR ILLEGIBLY; AT ANY RATE I NEVER INTENDED TO PUT FORWARD SUCH REQUESTS TO YOU, DOCTOR.

 

    IN YOUR MOST RECENT LETTER, SIR, YOU WRITE AS FOLLOWS: - “FROM YOUR PERSPECTIVE, THE ENTIRE PIVOT OF THE CASE SEEMS TO BE THAT ANDERS BORG IS TO HAVE PUT FORWARD A FALSE ACCUSATION. THESE WORDS CONTAIN SUCH AN UGLY AND UNFOUNDED ACCUSATION AGAINST ME THAT I CAN DO NOTHING ELSE THAN APPEAL TO YOU WHETHER THERE WOULDN’T BE GOOD REASON, AFTER CAREFUL CONSIDERATION, FOR YOU TO APOLOGIZE TO ME ON THIS ACCOUNT? – NOW, I HAVN’T PROVIDED YOU WITH THE SLIGHTEST REASON FOR THIS ASSUMPTION. MY LETTERS TO YOU, SIR, CAN ONLY SHOW THAT I AM VERY CONCERNED TO FLUSH OUT THE TRUTH AND NOTHING BUT THE TRUTH. I DID NOT PUT FORWARD ANY ASSERTION ABOUT THE ALLEGED MENDACITY IN BORG’S ALLEAGTIONS. I HAVE MERELY INDICATED SOME SPECIFIED REASONS WHY I HAVE TO CONSIDER HIS ACCOUNT WILDLY EXAGGERATED, TO SAY THE LEAST. AND I COULD ADD TO THESE REASONS THE FOLLOWING: A MAN WHO HAS SO IMMENSELY EXAGGERATED THE EXTENT OF THE BODILY WOUNDS OF HIS CHILD, COULD VERY EASILY MAKE ONE SMALL LOUSE GROW INTO A THOUSAND. – THE VERY SAME MAN WHO LAST YEAR, WITHOUT LETTING HIS NEAREST RELATIONS RECEIVE WORD ABOUT IT, TRAVELED TO THIS INSTITUTE WITH HIS CHILD AFTER THE SUMMER BREAK  AND, ON THAT OCCASION, CAUSED AN EXCHANGE OF TELEGRAMS AND LETTERS BETWEEN THE INSTITUTE AND THE ANXIOUS HOME; THE VERY MAN WHO SUBSEQUENTLY – ACCORDING TO HEARSAY, AND I BEG YOU NOT TO REFER TO THIS – ATTEMPTED SUICIDE AT CHARLOTTENLUND BUT WAS SAVED  - IT IS FAIR TO ASSUME THAT THIS MAN IS AN UNBALANCED AND NOT QUITE RELIABLE PERSON. NOW THAT YOU, SIR, HAVE SEEN FIT TO ADD WHAT I HAVE DONE FURTHER IN ORDER TO CLEAR UP THIS CASE, THEN – AS I SAID, IT WOULD NOT BE UNREASONABLE TO EXPECT A SMALL APOLOGY FROM YOUR SIDE FOR THE GROSS INSULT YOU HAVE INFLICTED UPON ME BY MEANS OF THE UPPER QUOTED SENTENCE.

 

     I HAVE TAKEN THE LIBERTY TO SEND YOU SOME NOTES ABOUT THE HEALTH CONDITIONS AT OUR INSTITUTE. PERCHANCE THEY WILL SHOW HOW I HAVE SERIOUSLY TAKEN CARE OF THE STATE OF HEALTH OF THE PUPILS DURING THE 16 YEARS I HAVE BEEN PRINCIPAL. IF YOU EVER HAVE A CHANCE TO VISIT THE FREDERICIA INSTITUTE[3] , A VISIT THERE WILL CERTAINLY CONVINCE YOU THAT ALL PRESENT DAY REQUIREMENTS IN TERMS OF HYGIENE AND PUBLIC SANITATION HAVE BEEN FULFILLED. I WOULD LIKE TO ADD THE FOLLOWING: ON MY INITIATIVE THE MEDICAL DOCTOR OF THE INSTITUTE IS AT PRESENT ON A STUDY TOUR ABROAD, THE PURPOSE BEING FOR HIM TO GATHER INFORMATION ABOUT THE SANITARY CONDITIONS AT SIMILAR INSTITUTIONS ETC. EVER SINCE THE YEAR AFTER I STARTED HERE,  EVERY NEW CHILD HAS BEEN SUBMITTED TO A METICULOUS MEDICAL EXAMINATION. EACH AND EVERY CHILD WILL, IF IT SUFFERS FROM ANY AILMENT – HOWEVER INSIGNIFICANT THE PROBLEM  – BE SENT TO THE SICKROOM BY THE TEACHER OR WHOEVER IS IN CHARGE, AFTER WHICH THE PHYSICIAN WILL DECIDE HOW THE CHILD SHALL BE TREATED. A COUPLE OF YEARS AGO I ORGANIZED MORE THAN 40000 MEASUREMENTS OF THE CHILDREN HERE, MAINLY IN ORDER TO CLARIFY ONE SINGLE ASPECT OF THE HEALTH CONDITIONS OF THE CHILDREN. OUR PLANS FOR A NEW HEALTH REGULATION HERE INCLUDE A ROOM ADJACENT TO THE DORMITORY FOR WEIGHING AND MEASURING THE CHILDREN ETC ETC.[4] CONCERNING THE STATE OF HYGIENE HERE – THAT OF THE CHILDREN AND OF THE INSTITUTE ITSELF – WE HAVE THE APPROPRIATE ARRANGEMENTS IN PLACE, ONLY ABLE TO BE BYPASSED IN CASES OF FOUL NEGLIGENCE AND SLOTH, HOWEVER VERY LIKELY THEN TO BE DISCLOSED.

 

     IN REGARD TO THE ISSUE WHERE YOU, SIR, HAVE LODGED A STRONG APPEAL, I STAND AS A LAYMAN, HOWEVER BY CONSULTING WITH MEDICAL DOCTORS OF HIGH REPUTE I WILL BE ABLE TO FORM AN OPINION[5]

 

 


[1] SA: At times the typed letter has been corrected by hand with a blue or black pencil, and where I have been able to decipher the corrections, I have included them.

[2] SA: We know from previous letters that RMH went through a long period of illness in 1881, however unfortunately we don’t know the kind of disease that kept him away from his work. Could it be that his heart was already starting to fail him at this time?

[3] SA: It does seem somewhat odd for RMH to suddenly mention the Fredericia Institute in the context of this letter…I suppose it must be an error. Of course, RMH WAS the man behind the establishment of the new institute for the deaf-mute at Fredericia  in  1880/81 and he was also appointed assistant director of the institute. However, the Fredericia institute does not seem to be relevant for the case discussed in the RMH letter – only the institute in Copenhagen? JMC: my comment is purely conjecture; maybe it was an error on RMH’s part; however,  another interpretation is that he considered the Fredericia Institute to be his modern “brainchild” and the health conditions there could and would testify to his zealousness and professionalism in terms of the health conditions for deaf-mute pupils. And since the Fredericia  Institute was geographically so much closer to Dr Dethlefsen (practising in Holstebro) , maybe RMH was in this indirect way trying to encourage the doctor to visit the Fredericia institute at some time, hoping that he would experience it as a kind of showcase, testifying to the professionalism of RMH.

[4] SA: RMH is referring here to the very first series of measurements and weighings that he performed on the children of the institute – investigations that eventually led him into carrying out one of the very first scientific investigations in Denmark – the results of which rendered him wide recognition among medical doctors and scientists. The apogee for RMH was probably when he presented his findings at the big medical conference in Copenhagen in the autumn of 1884, being attended by all of the current great scientists of Europe and the United States within the field of nutrition and physiology. RMH published three volumes with presentations of the results of his extensive work  - “Fragments III” being his “magnum opus” – entitled “Variations in the Growth of Children Related to Solar Heat”, published in Danish and German in 1886.

[5] SA: This letter bears witness as to how zealous RMH was in relation to maintaining good order and providing the deaf-mute children the very best conditions for their development and life at the institute. He made provisions for improving the conditions in areas such as diet, clothing, leisure activities, ventilating systems, physical area per person etc, and it is evident that finds the insinuations of the good doctor rather unwarranted. However, I also find that the letter shows a RMH who took very seriously to any small hint that not everything was perfect at the institute. It happened once that a person who had visited the institute only for a single day wrote something derogatory about the teaching methods of the institute, claiming that they were outdated; this made RMH furious and he wanted to sue the man for defamation. The case led to a decision that any person who wished to voice their opinion about conditions at the institute must have spent at least 3 days there in order to ensure that they would give a correct picture of the place.

Notice that there are no names, but only numbers under this pictures, showing the girls that where confirmated in 1883. Every child had its number at the Institution. RMH was among the first principals to get pictures taken of the pupils. Photo: Døvehistorisk Selskab